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Battle of Trafalgar
Naval Art  Battle of Trafalgar |
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The Battle of Trafalgar shown in maritime naval prints by Bill Bishop, William Stuart, Brian Wood, T Whitcombe, Ivan Berryman and E Sartorious. Naval prints published by Cranston Fine Arts. Undoubtedly the most famous battle in the history of naval warfare. The battle of Trafalgar was fought on a calm, almost windless day, on 21st October 1805. Nelson's revolutionary battle plan was to cut apart the larger Franco-Spanish fleet of Vice-Admiral Villeneuve by sailing in two single column divisions directly at right angles into the combined fleet and thus rendering almost half of the leading ships useless until they could turn and join the fight, which in such calm conditions could take hours. The battle raged for five hours, in which time not one single British ship was lost, however, Nelson would tragically lose his life at the very moment of his triumph, a triumph which rendered the British Navy unchallenged in supremacy for over a century. |
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Tugging the Tiger's Tail by Ivan Berryman. It is the Battle of Trafalgar, 21st October 1805 and the British 2nd rater Temeraire with 98 guns, having followed HMS Victory through the Franco-Spanish line, finds herself alongside the Spanish flagship, La Santisima Trinidad. This giant was by some measure the largest warship in the World, boasting four full gun decks and 130 guns. Undaunted, Captain Eliab Harvey took on the Santisima Trinidad, delivering a number of blows into the enemy’s massive red and black hull. However, Temeraire was largely out of control by this time, having taken much punishment as she had approached the enemy fleet. Her main topgallant mast had been shot away, as well as the mizzen topgallant. Her fore yard had crashed down onto her deck and her fore topsail had caught fire and been extinguished. Taking fire from both sides, the Temeraire lumbered on, eventually colliding with Le Redoutable, which was engaged with Victory. Between them, the two British three-deckers poured fire into the French ship until it struck its colours. |
The Battle of Trafalgar by William Clarkson Stanfield. No text for this item |
Trafalgar - The Destruction of the Bucentaure by Ivan Berryman. With her mizzen top already gone and her sails aloft having received severe punishment, Victory breaks through the line behind the French flagship Bucentaure, delivering a shattering broadside into her stern. So severe was this opening fire that the Bucentaure was effectively put out of the rest of the battle, although Admiral Villeneuve himself was to miraculously survive the carnage. Beyong Victory can be seen the French Redoubtable, which is receiving fire from Victorys starboard guns, and the Spanish San Leandro is in the extreme distance. Most of Victorys stunsails have been cut away, but it was her stunsail booms that became entangled with the rigging of the Redoubtable when she put her helm to port and ran onto her. Admiral Nelson fell shortly afterward, having received a fatal wound from a musket ball fired by a French sharpshooter in Redoubtables mizzen fighting top. The Temeraire can be seen approaching the fray to the right. |
Trafalgar Aftermath by Ivan Berryman. Jury rigged and battered by the relentless gunnery of the French and Spanish fleets at Trafalgar, HMS Victory lies off the coast of Gibraltar as crews from HMS Neptune (nearest) are despatched to take over the tow from the Polyphemus for the final leg of their journey to relative safety, the flagship still bearing the body of Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson. |
The Battle of Trafalgar - Mars Breaks the Line by Anthony Saunders. The Battle of Trafalgar was fought on a calm, almost windless day, on 21st October 1805. Nelsons revolutionary battle plan was to cut apart the larger Franco-Spanish fleet of Vice-Admiral Villeneuve by sailing in two single column divisions directly at right angles into the combined fleet and thus rendering almost half of the leading ships useless until the could turn and join the fight, which in such calm conditions could take hours. The battle raged for five hours in which time not one British ship was lost, however, Nelson would tragically lose his life at the very moment of his triumph, a triumph which rendered the British Navy unchallenged in supremacy for over a century. Here HMS Mars passes between the French ships, firing a murderous hail of gunfire at both ships. Also shown in the painting on the left hand side is the Spanish ship Monarco and the French ship Pluton. |
Trafalgar by Ivan Berryman. (PC) By 2.00pm on 21st October 1805, the Battle of Trafalgar was all but won, the combined French and Spanish fleets had suffered terrible losses, but not without great cost to the British. Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson lay dying in the cockpit of his flagship, Victory, having been struck down by a single musket round fired from the fighting top of the French Redoutable's mizzen mast as Nelson walked on deck with Captain Hardy. In this scene, the battered remains of Victory can be seen beneath the figurehead of the Spanish 74 Principe de Asturias which dominates the foreground. Beside her, the hulk of the Redoutable sags in the water as Temeraire breaks free. In the centre, the British 74 Leviathan is engaging the French 80-gun Neptune, whilst the San Augustin can be seen firing at the extreme right of the picture. |
The Battle of Trafalgar, 2.30pm. The Taking of the Santisima Trinidad by Ivan Berryman. Dominating the centre foreground, the wreck of the largest ship at Trafalgar, the massive four decker Santisima Trinidad (130 guns), comes under further attack from the British Neptune (98 guns) All her masts have fallen, rendering the Spanish giant an unmanageable hulk. Elsewhere, the battle rages on with Temeraire and Victory engaged with the French Redoubtable, while to the right of the picture, the shattered, drifting remains of Villeneuves Bucentaure (80 guns) is approached by the Mars (74 guns) Conqueror (74 guns), off the Santisima Trinidads port quarter, is keeping up a distant fire to assist the Neptune. |
The Death of Nelson by William Brassey Hole. Admiral Nelson was fatally wounded during The Battle of Trafalgar by a French sniper's bullet while on the deck of his flagship. HMS Victory. Despite his severe injuries, Nelson continued to command his forces and celebrate the victory until be succumbed to his wounds later that day. His body was returned to Britain and he lay in state for three days which drew large crowds of mourners. His tomb is located in St Pauls Cathedral in London. |
Battle of Trafalgar by George Chambers. No text for this item |
The Night Before Trafalgar By Fred Roe (PC) Nelson holds a meeting with his officers aboard the HMS Victory, sharing his battle plans and talking to each captain individually to ensure they understood their roles in the upcoming engagement. |
Portrait of Admiral Nelson by Chris Collingwood. Portrait of Admiral Nelson shown in the uniform worn at the Battle of Trafalgar. |
Onward! by Ivan Berryman. (PC) Bearing urgent dispatches from the fleet, the role of the Royal Navy frigate was frequently to press on through all weathers to bear the communications between the fleet the Admiralty. These fast ships, often manned by minimal crews, would be trusted to make great haste, conveying orders and reports over vast distances – a vital link to ensure the success and of major actions planned, or in progress, anywhere in the World. |
In Destinys Hands, Trafalgar, 12:15 PM by Ivan Berryman It is approximately 12,15 pm on 21st October 1805. With the combined Franco-Spanish enemy line in the far distance, HMS Victory is just beginning to manouevre, having chosen the French flagship Bucentaure as her target. Behind Victory lies Temeraire, then Neptune, followed by the two-deckers, Leviathan and Conqueror and Agamemnon in the foreground. Victory is flying the signal Engage the Enemy Closely from her main mast. Most ships have their studding sails set on the larboard (port) side only trying to harness as much wind as possible to hasten their approach 1n such light airs. At this stage, the stoves will have been extinguished, the guns run out and all decks cleared for action, their floors strewn with sawdust to avoid slipping and to soak up the blood. The Marines will be in position the officers at their posts and gun crews may likely have been singing hearty songs to raise their spirits. Fate alone knew what awaited them, once the firing started. |
Line of Battle by Ivan Berryman. As Nelsons column of ships began their approach to the French and Spanish fleet at the start of the Battle of Trafalgar on 21st October 1805, the first four ships to break through were to be HMS Victory at the head of the line, HMS Temeraire, HMS Neptune and the 74-gun two-decker HMS Leviathan. Afraid for his admirals safety in the lead ship, Captain Harvey of the Temeraire decided to break away from the line in order to overtake Victory and be the first ship through, thus taking the worst of the gunfire from the enemy line as they approached. However, it was admiral Nelsons habit always to lead from the front and, as Temeraire manoeuvred alongside Victory, Nelson took up his speaking trumpet, went to his ships side and sternly shouted "I will thank you, Captain Harvey to maintain your proper station which is astern of the Victory". Harvey comlpied at once and the fleet continued into battle as originally planned. |
The Battle of Trafalgar, 1.00pm by Ivan Berryman. Having taken terrible punishment from the guns of the allied French and Spanish fleet as she broke through the line, HMS Victory found herself engaged by the French Redoutable, a bitter battle that saw the two ships locked together, pouring shot into one another with terrifying ferocity and which left the British Admiral, Lord Horatio Nelson fatally wounded. In the background, HMS Neptune is emerging through the gunsmoke and is about to pass the wreck of the French flagship Bucentaure which Victory so spectacularly routed as she passed through the allied line. HMS Temeraire, which followed Victory through, and which was also to become embroiled on the Redoutables fight, is obscured by the smoke beyond the British flagship. |
Trafalgar by Brian Wood. Undoubtedly the most famous battle in the history of naval warfare. The battle of Trafalgar was fought on a calm, almost windless day, on 21st October 1805. Nelsons revolutionary battle plan was to cut apart the larger Franco-Spanish fleet of Vice-Admiral Villeneuve by sailing in two single column divisions directly at right angles into the combined fleet and thus rendering almost half of the leading ships useless until they could turn and join the fight, which in such calm conditions could take hours. The battle raged for five hours, in which time not one single British ship was lost, however, Nelson would tragically lose his life at the very moment of his triumph, a triumph which rendered the British Navy unchallenged in supremacy for over a century. |
The Brave Redoutable by Ivan Berryman. Already ravaged by incoming shot from the combined French and Spanish fleets as she approached the enemy line, HMS Victory found herself under intense attack from the French 3rd Rate 74-gun Redoutable. The two ships became entangled, grappling irons went across and the most terrible artillery battle commenced. Admiral Lord Nelson was fatally wounded by a shot from the Redoutables mizzen top before it was brought crashing down. Now the British three-decker, the 98-gun Temeraire appeared outboard of the Redoutable and began pouring further shot into her, the little French ship dwarfed by two mighty British vessels. But still she fought on, refusing to strike her colours. Of all the ships at Trafalgar, Redoutable sustained the highest casualties with 478 killed and 81 wounded. Depicted from left to right are HMS Temeraire, Redoutable and HMS Victory. |
Mid Atlantic Dawn by Ivan Berryman. Upon hearing the news that Admiral Villeneuve and his squadron had headed across the Atlantic to the West Indies, Nelson, in HMS Victory, set off in pursuit early in June, 1805, in the hope of engaging the French there, thus preventing them from combining with the Spanish fleet that were blockaded in Cadiz. Nelsons squadron comprised the 74-gun Amazon, Swiftsure, Belleisle, Canopus, Conqueror, Donegal, Leviathan, Superb, Spencer and Tigre, plus the smaller Amphion (32) and Decade (36). The chase to Barbados and back was HMS Victorys only crossing of the Atlantic and proved fruitless, as Villeneuve had already escaped, but this action laid the ground for the Battle of Trafalgar in October of the same year. |
Battle of Trafalgar by Ivan Berryman. One of the most decisive battles in the history of the Royal Navy, Nelsons defeat of the French fleet took place on 21st October 1805 off Cape Trafalgar and was conducted with not a single British ship lost, although few ships escaped severe punishment and loss of life on both sides was tragically high |
HMS Victory by Randall Wilson. As Admiral Nelsons flagship leads the British fleet toward the Franco-Spanish line, Captain Harveys Temeraire tries to pass Victory in order to be the first to break the enemy column. |
Captain Harveys HMS Temeraire tries to pass HMS Victory at the beginning of the Battle of Trafalgar by Ivan Berryman. 21st October 1805. As Admiral Nelsons flagship leads the British fleet towards the Franco-Spanish line, Captain Harveys Temeraire tries to pass the Victory in order to be the first to break the enemy column. Harvey was discouraged with a customry rebuke from Nelson and duly fell into line behind the flagship. The enemy can be seen spread along the horizon whilst, to the right in the distance, the leading ships of Admiral Collingwoods fleet can be seen spearheading a separate assault to the south. In the light airs preceding the battle, much sail was needed to drive the British ships towards the enemy line. HMS Victory, nearest, has royals and stunsails set and is making good way, her furniture boats strung behind in readiness for battle. On her poop deck, officers prepare to run up a signal. |
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